movie analysis - 1307 Words

They say it feels great to have a best friend- someone to have fun and fool around with, someone to protect us and someone whom we share all our secrets, problems and crushes, but what if you fall in love with your best friend? Would you take the risk to go beyond the limitation and change your relationship into lovers? It was already getting dark that afternoon, class hours already ended and the only persons left were my friends and I. The breeze of the cold month of February gently runs into my spine while sitting on a bench in front of our school, having the great view of the sunset with my close friends who also have problems like me. I have bitterness brought by that so called thing love. I guess we are all victims of love. I was†¦show more content†¦I am weak. Days had passed and it’s so hard for me to accept the fact that he’s already gone. Until one night, he called me and talked to me as if nothing happened. He also apologized for not communicating because he busy analyzing our situation and told me that if only friendship is the only thing that I could give to him so be it as long as we would not lose each other which made me so happy. Things turn out to be fine again between us just like ordinary days when were together. We went out as best friends every Sunday wit h other friends. Until things got blurred again and so are the other days. Days of fighting followed, with just simple nonsense reasons. The old sweet days are turning to be a bit sour like a food about to expire. Complicated! That’s how thing went. We were already in a point where we are aloof to each other and I do not know what to do in order to save the friendship we have. He went away, I stopped communicating with him having the thought that things might turn out right as time goes by until he will come back. Will I ever see and talk to him again knowing that he will be going to a college far from where I am? How I wish I could turn back the days whenever I remember the past. I will surely bring with me a movie maker to cut those bad parts and repeat those good memories so I can be with him the whole time, happy and in love. But who I am to do that? I am just a best friend! Indeed, a best friendShow MoreRelatedMovie Analysis : Movie Tie Essay1612 Words   |  7 PagesK rusty-O’s that were a 7-11 exclusive cereal to promote The Simpsons Movie. I still have a box of important trinkets sitting on a shelf in my room, next to my Burger King exclusive glass goblets issued in 2001 for LOTR: Fellowship of the Ring, as well as Indiana Jones and the Crystal Skull popcorn cartons that were sold at Blockbuster in 2008. There is no perubrital movie tie-in rock I have left unturned. What draws me to collecting movie tie in products? I don’t know to be honest. But, I think it hasRead MoreMovie Analysis : Trailer Movie Trailer Essay3010 Words   |  13 PagesTherefore, the role of trailers in the process of marketing films is a necessary tool in appropriately and effectively targeting potential audiences, while creating word of mouth surrounding a movie before it may even be set for release. A trailer is the main tool used in introducing a new film onto the movie market, with the intention of building expectation and anticipation, through influencing moviegoers’ decisions into seeing a particular film. While traditionally trailers would only be viewedRead MoreMovie Analysis : The Movie, Movie Theatres And The Film Industry Essay1946 Words   |  8 PagesNo matter which form it takes, films hold the power to transport their audiences into different dimensions within the span of a few hours. The technology and talent behind the movie itself speak volumes when combined on screen but there is more that add to the movie-going experience. Going to the movies has been a popular hobby for people since the moment they were introduced to the world and even after decades this has not changed. History may have evolved and fluctuated over the years but the mereRead MoreMovie Analysis : The Movie Starring An Actor1908 Words   |  8 Pagesunspoken tradition is the way I spend time and connect with my dad. Sitting down on a rainy day or just the odd night to watch a movie together has been a regular activity that my dad, my brother, my friends, and I do. Some may say that watching movies is just a few people sitting on a couch not interacting or connecting in anyway. But it just isn’t. Finding a movie starring an actor, directed by a director or in a genre we both like is an exciting process that is rewarded with 1.5 – 2.5 hoursRead MoreThe Outsiders Movie Analysis938 Words   |  4 PagesA book composed into a movie is a delicate task. There are many components and scenes that are considered before being embedded in a film. In The Outsiders, there was a devious amount of detail neglected in the film. On the other hand, the book portrays the feelings and character relationships. Scenes that had specific meaning were shattered, several portions of the film were exaggerated, and the central message of the entire movie was mislaid. These fundamentals simply obscured the main messageRead MoreMovie Analysis : Movie Theater Tickets Prices2013 Words   |  9 Pageswilling to pay a good price for entertainment. One service for entertainment that has been going on for years dated back since 1896 is a movie theater. Theaters attract a huge variety of attendances by showing the latest movie being released which you get to watch on a big screen with somewhat comfortable seats for a certain amount of money per ticket. Unfortunately, movie theater tickets prices have been outrageous over the last couple of years. By raising prices on the tickets and already having highRead MoreMovie Analysis : Doug Block1629 Words   |  7 Pageswith his two other sisters Ellen and Karen Block. Doug never attended film school instead he went to Cornell College and attended many of their â€Å"great exhibitions on film†; during his four years he attended these events constantly. He took jobs on movie sets and was able to lie to a producer saying he knew how to shoot. He was able to fake his way through because Block believes it was due to all thes movies he had seen and his jobs on set. Then in 1991, he directed his first documentary The HeckRead MoreThe Movie Exhibition Industry Case Analysis2199 Words   |  9 Pagesexhibitors. Finally, exhibitors are movie theaters owners, controlling anywhere from a single-screen theater in a local community to a nationwide chain of multiplexes. Exhibitors are not vertically integrated with distributors and fully independent to pursue their own profit-maximizing strategies. There are three primary sources of revenue for exhibitors: concessions, advertising, and box office receipts. Exhibitors seek to maximize their profit from selling movie tickets and concessions. Overall,Read MoreMovie Analysis : Film Trends848 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Æ' Film Trends Movie films have been enjoyed across the country for centuries it began with the movie theatres that started to appear in the early 1900s and grew to become the most highly successful entertainment models through the entire 20th century. Having the ability to showcase films in a theatre would display a movie to a wide range of people. Although, most movie theaters in the 19th century only had one screen, limiting audiences choices. In 1963 AMC Theaters opened the first multiple auditoriumsRead MoreMovie Analysis : Film Exhibition Platforms2434 Words   |  10 PagesC. Competitor Analysis Film Exhibition Platforms With the advance of technology, in addition to the traditional distribution of films in cinemas, television and video are now also available to producers. Television plays an increasingly important role in film exhibition thanks to the emergence alongside traditional broadcast channels financed by advertising and/or license fees, of encoded channels for which a charge is made and whose arrival has been made possible by the development of cable and

Pro Abortion (Anti Abortion Rebuttal) Essay - 888 Words

Pro Abortion Abortion is defined as the expulsion of a fetus by a pregnant female before the normal end of a pregnancy. Many times and in most cases, specifically in the article titled â€Å"ABORTION† by Jimmyissmart on oppapers.com, abortion is seen as an act of violence and inhumane murder. It is mainly for this reason why people who are anti- abortion support their point of view. However, to murder the victim must first be alive, but what is the meaning of life? According to dictionary.com life is defined as the sum of the distinguishing phenomena of organisms, esp. metabolism, growth, reproduction and adaptation to environment. Hence, a fetus can not be alive because it lacks the ability to adapt to its environment, a fetus does not have†¦show more content†¦In some cases women who abort pregnancies do it because at that specific moment in their life they are just not ready for a baby but look forward to having one at a later date in their life. Surgery for one is costly and s econdly and most importantly once a sterilization of a female is complete it is highly unlikely for this process to be reversed. In the case that a responsible female takes the proper precautions by using a condom or taking a pill and still ends up with an unwanted pregnancy should she drop out of school get a job at McDonalds work for minimum wage and raise a baby in poverty or should she post pone her getting a baby get an education first then, when she is more capable to raise and manage a happy and healthy baby do so? Thirdly, â€Å"Rape is a big excuse for people who are for abortion.† Women who become pregnant through rape and even incest rape suffer the most severe form of emotional tragedy. Should they still go through with having that child even though they may be at a time in their life where a child may completely destroy their life and also the fact that, that child will be the embodiment of that one moment in their life that they try to forget? One of the underlying themes in Jimmyissmart’s paper is humanity. However, how ironic isShow MoreRelatedAbortion : Is It Morally Acceptable?1640 Words   |  7 Pagesacceptable to terminate this child? These are the main questions of the abortion debate that provides the basis for each side’s argument. On one end of the debate are the pro-choice arguers who believe life begins at birth and that women should have the right to choose what they do with their pregnancy. On the other end are the pro-life arguers who go against pro- choice believers. The pro-life side seeks to abolish abortion due to their belief that life begins at conception and that terminating aRead MoreAbortion Essay796 Words   |  4 PagesAn abortion is seen by millions as murder to an innocent child, death to innocent unborn fetuses, whilst others see an escape from panic, shame, poverty, dread, fear, and anxiety. Over 58 million abortions have been made since 1973 according to texasrighttolife.com, making abortions a giant of a topic. In more detail, an abortion is the surgical termination of an embryo or usually a fetus. This surgery has sparked many arguments over the years and one of the most significant was the debate or RoeRead MoreJudith Jarvis Thomson s A Defense Of Abortion Essay1391 Words   |  6 PagesJudith Jarvis Thomson’s â€Å"A Defense of Abortion† is a uniquely reasoned argument for the right to abortion that uses strong analogies to challenge pro-life arguments that are based on the premise that a huma n life begins at the moment of conception. In this paper I will argue that Thomson is correct in her view and that her analogies solidify her argument, which then becomes impervious to criticism from philosophers like Keith J. Pavlischek or David B. Hershenov who bring up other factors irrelevantRead MoreAbortion1952 Words   |  8 PagesFor my final paper I have decided to do a on the ethical and controversial issue of abortion. In this report I will cover both sides of the abortion issue. I will summarize the stands of both Pro-Life advocates and Pro-Choice, by presenting arguments from organizations, authors, and journal articles from each side. As well as give a brief history on abortion and a look at the laws that govern this issue not only here at home but around the world. In conclusion of my report I will give my views onRead More Abortion Essay examples3801 Words   |  16 PagesAbortion Abortion has been an issue since 1820. In the beginning the problem was more about protecting doctors who have licenses. â€Å"Regular doctors thus had an incentive to ban abortion as part of an effort to drive irregular doctors many of whom were women out of business† (Straggenborg, p.211). The AMA (American Medical Association), which was the group that the regular doctors made, started a campaign that made the people believe that the white population was getting smaller and the populationRead MoreShould We Be Mandatory For Children?1750 Words   |  7 Pagesbaby in your body, to electing to follow certain religious beliefs, people have many rights as American citizens. Several cases have been ruled over when it comes to human rights, such as the Roe vs Wade case, which covers a woman s rights to an abortion, and the Cantwell vs Connecticut case that covers a person s religious right to free exercise. Now the country is torn again in a human rights issue. Should it be man datory for parents to give their children all of the vaccines that are availableRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pagesdid this when you paid attention to probabilities and consequences—you weighed the pros and cons—of going or staying. That is, you weighed the benefits and drawbacks. Heres a picture above of what to do. Think of a balance scale in which objects can be placed on either side of the scale. Put the pros on one side and the cons on the other, but assess each one by its significance or weight. After all the pros and cons are assessed this way and added onto the scale, the winner is the side thatRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesoverrepresented among those who were massacred or fled during the contemporaneous Khmer Rouge genocide in neighboring Cambodia. In Indonesia, Chinese residents have been persecuted and expelled for being, at 42 †¢ CHAPTER 1 different times, pro-Western imperialists, communists, and capitalist exploiters of the Indonesian masses. Tens of thousands of Hmongs who had been recruited by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) had to flee from Laos to Thailand, and eventually across the PacificRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesAbuse of Power 285 Strategies for Gaining Organizational Power 286 The Necessity of Power and Empowerment 286 Sources of Personal Power 288 Sources of Positional Power 293 Transforming Power into Influence 298 Influence Strategies: The Three Rs 298 The Pros and Cons of Each Strategy 300 Acting Assertively: Neutralizing Influence Attempts 304 SKILL ANALYSIS 310 Case Involving Power and Influence 310 River Woods Plant Manager 310 SKILL PRACTICE 311 Exercise for Gaining Power 311 Repairing Power FailuresRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pages† Knight-Ridder Tribune Business News, July 30, 2005, p. 1; H. Ibish and A. Stewart, Report on Hate Crimes and Discrimination Against Arab Americans: The Post-September 11 Backlash, September 11, 2001—October 11, 2001 (Washington, DC: American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee, 2003); A. Raghavan, â€Å"Wall Street’s Disappearing Women,† Forbes (March 16, 2009), pp. 72–78; and L. M. Cortina, â€Å"Unseen Injustice: Incivility as Modern Discrimination in Organizations,† Academy of Management Review 33, no.

The Return Nightfall Chapter 30 Free Essays

string(30) " attacking those Salem girls\." Matt had given up on clues. As far as he could tell, something had caused Elena to bypass the Dunstan house and barn completely, hopping on and on until she got to a squashed and torn bed of thin creeping vines. They hung limp from Matt’s fingers, but they reminded him, disquietingly, of the feeling of the bug’s tentacles around his neck. We will write a custom essay sample on The Return: Nightfall Chapter 30 or any similar topic only for you Order Now And from there on there was no sign of human movement. It was as if a UFO had beamed her up. Now, from making forays to all sides until he had lost the patch of creepers, he was lost in the deep Wood. If he wanted to, he could fantasize that all sorts of noises were all around him. If he wanted to, he could imagine that the light of the flashlight was no longer as bright as it had been, that it had a sickly yellowish tinge†¦. All this time, while searching, he had kept as quiet as possible, realizing that he might be trying to sneak up on something that didn’t want to be snuck up on. But now, somewhere inside him, something was swelling up and his ability to stop it was weakening by the second. When it burst out of him, it startled him as much as it might have any possible listeners. â€Å"Ellleeeeeeeeeeeeeeenaaaa!† From the time when he’d been a child, Matt had been taught to say his nighttime prayers. He didn’t know much else about church, but he did have a deep and sincere feeling that there was Someone or Something out there that looked after people. That somewhere and somehow it all made sense, and that there were reasons for everything. That belief had been severely tested during the past year. But Elena’s return from the dead had swept away all his doubts. It had seemed to prove everything that he’d always wanted to believe in. You wouldn’t give her back to us for just a few days, and then take her away again? he wondered, and the wondering was really a form of praying. You wouldn’t – would You? Because the thought of a world without Elena, without hersparkle ; her strong will; her way of getting into crazy adventures – and then getting out of them, even more crazily – well, it was too much to lose. The world would be painted in drab grays and dark browns again without her. There would be no fire-engine reds, no flashes of parakeet green, no cerulean, no daffodil, no mercury silver – and no gold. No sprinkles of gold in endless blue lapis lazuli eyes. â€Å"Elllleeeeeeenaaaa! Damn you, you answer me! It’s Matt, Elena! Elleeeeee – â€Å" He broke off quite suddenly and listened. For a moment his heart leaped and his whole body started. But then he made out the words he could hear. â€Å"Eleeeeeenaaa? Maaaatt? Where are you?† â€Å"Bonnie?Bonnie! I’m here! † He turned his flashlight straight up, slowly twisting it in a circle. â€Å"Can you see me?† â€Å"Can you see us?† Matt pivoted slowly. And – yes – there were the beams of one flashlight, two flashlights, three! His heart leaped to seethree beams. â€Å"I’m coming toward you,† he shouted, and suited the action to the word. Secrecy had been long ago left behind. He was running into things, yanking at tendrils that tried to grab his ankles, but bellowing all the while, â€Å"Stay where you are! I’m coming to you!† And then the flashlight beams were right in front of him, blinding him, and somehow he had Bonnie in his arms, and Bonnie was crying. That at least lent the situation some normality. Bonnie was crying against his chest and he was looking at Meredith, who was smiling anxiously, and at†¦Mrs. Flowers? It had to be, she was wearing that gardening hat with the artificial flowers on it, as well as what looked like about seven or eight woolly sweaters. â€Å"Mrs. Flowers?† he said, his mouth finally catching up with his brain. â€Å"But – where’s Elena?† There was a sudden droop in the three people watching him, as if they had been on tiptoes for news, and now they had slumped in disappointment. â€Å"We haven’t seen her,† Meredith said quietly. â€Å"Youwere with her.† â€Å"Iwas with her, yeah. But then Damon came.He hurt her , Meredith† – Matt felt Bonnie’s arms clench on him. â€Å"He had her rolling on the ground having seizures. I think he’s going to kill her. And – he hurt me. I guess I blacked out. When I woke up she was gone.† â€Å"He took her away?† Bonnie asked fiercely. â€Å"Yeah, but†¦I don’t understand what happened next.† Painfully, he explained about Elena seemingly jumping out of the car and the tracks that led nowhere. Bonnie shivered in his arms. â€Å"And then some other weird stuff happened,† Matt said. Slowly, faltering sometimes, he did his best to explain about Kristin, and the similarities to Tami. â€Å"That is†¦just plain weird,† Bonnie said. â€Å"I thought I had an answer, but if Kristin hasn’t had any contact with any of the other girls†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"You were probably thinking something about the Salem witches, dear,† said Mrs. Flowers. Matt still couldn’t get used to Mrs. Flowerstalking to them. She went on, â€Å"But you don’t really know with whom Kristin has been in the last few days. Or with whom Jim has been, for that matter. Children have quite a lot of freedom in this day and age, and he might be – what do they call it? – acarrier .† â€Å"Besides, even if this is possession, it may be an entirely different kind of possession,† Meredith said. â€Å"Kristin lives out in the Old Wood. The Old Wood is full of these insects – these malach. Who knows whether it happened when she simply stepped outside her door? Who knows what was waiting for her?† Now Bonnie was shaking in Matt’s arms. They’d turned out all the flashlights but one, to conserve energy, but it sure made for spooky surroundings. â€Å"But what about the telepathy?† Matt said to Mrs. Flowers. â€Å"I mean, I don’t believe for a minute thatreal witches were attacking those Salem girls. You read "The Return: Nightfall Chapter 30" in category "Essay examples" I think they were repressed girls who had mass hysteria when they all got together, and somehow everything got out of hand. But how could Kristin know to call me – to call me – the same name that Tamra did?† â€Å"Maybe we’ve all got it all wrong,† Bonnie said, her voice buried somewhere in Matt’s solar plexus. â€Å"Maybe it’s not like Salem at all, where the – the hysteria spread out horizontally, if you see what I mean. Maybe there’s somebody on top here, who’s spreading it wherever they want to.† There was a brief silence, and then Mrs. Flowers murmured, â€Å" ¡Ã‚ ®Out of the mouths of babes and sucklings†¦'† â€Å"You mean you think that’s right? But then who is it that’s on top? Who’s doing all of this?† Meredith demanded. â€Å"It can’t be Damon because Damon saved Bonnie twice – and me once.† Before anyone could muster words to ask aboutthat , she was going on. â€Å"Elena was pretty sure that something was possessingDamon . So who else is it?† â€Å"Somebody we haven’t met yet,† Bonnie muttered ominously. â€Å"Somebody we aren’t going to like.† With perfect timing there was the crackle of a branch behind them. As one person, as one body, they turned to look. â€Å"What I really want,† Damon said to Elena, â€Å"is to get you warm. And that either means cooking you something hot so you’ll warm up from the inside or putting you in the tub so you’ll warm up from the outside. And considering what happened last time – â€Å" â€Å"I†¦don’t feel I can eat anything†¦.† â€Å"Come on, it’s an American tradition. Apple soup? Mom’s homemade chicken pie?† She chuckled in spite of herself, then winced. â€Å"It’s apple pie and Mom’s homemade chicken soup. But you didn’t do badly, for a start.† â€Å"Well? I promise not to mix the apples and the chicken together.† â€Å"I could try some soup,† Elena said slowly. â€Å"And, oh, Damon I’m so thirsty just for plain water. Please.† â€Å"I know, but you’ll drink too much, get pains. I’ll make soup.† â€Å"It comes in little cans with red paper on them. You pull the tab on top to make it come off†¦.† Elena stopped as he turned to the door. Damon knew she had serious doubts about the entire project, but he also knew that if he brought her anything passably drinkable she would drink it. Thirst did that to you. He was unliving proof of the example. As he went through the door there was a sudden horrendous noise, like a pair of kitchen choppers coming together. It nearly took off his – his rear from top to bottom, by the sound of it. â€Å"Damon!†A voice crying weakly through the door. â€Å"Damon, are you all right? Damon! Answer me!† Instead, he turned around, studied the door, which looked perfectly normal, and opened it. Anyone watching him open it would have wondered because he put a key in the unlocked door, said â€Å"Elena’s room† and then unlocked and opened the door. When he got inside, he ran. Elena was lying in a hopeless tangle of sheets and blankets on the floor. She was trying to get up, but her face was blue-white with pain. â€Å"What pushed you off the bed?† he said. He was going to kill Shinichislowly . â€Å"Nothing. I heard a terrible sound just as the door shut. I tried to get to you, but – â€Å" Damon stared at her.†I tried to get to you, but – † This broken, hurting, exhausted creature had tried to rescuehim ? Tried so hard that she’d fallen off her bed? â€Å"I’m sorry,† she said, with tears in her eyes. â€Å"I can’t get used to gravity. Are you hurt?† â€Å"Not as much as you are,† he said, purposely keeping his voice rough, his eyes averted. â€Å"I did something stupid, leaving the room, and the house†¦reminded me.† â€Å"What are you talking about?† said the woebegone Elena, dressed only in sheets. â€Å"This key,† Damon held it up for her to see. It was golden and could be worn as a ring, but two wings folded out and made a beautiful key. â€Å"What’s wrong with it?† â€Å"The way I used it. This key has the power of the kitsune in it, and it will unlock anything and take you anywhere, but the way it works is that you put it into the lock, say where you want to go, and then turn the key. I forgot to do that in leaving your room.† Elena looked puzzled. â€Å"But what if a key doesn’t have a lock in it? Most bedroom doors don’t have locks.† â€Å"This key goes into any door. You might say it makes its own lock. It’s a kitsune treasure – which I shook out of Shinichi when I was so angry about you being hurt. He’ll be wanting it back soon.† Damon’s eyes narrowed and he smiled faintly. â€Å"I wonder which of us will end up keeping it. I noticed another one in the kitchen – a spare, of course.† â€Å"Damon, all this about magical keys is interesting, but if you could let me get off the floor†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He was contrite at once. Then came the question of whether to put her on the bed or not. â€Å"I’ll take the bath,† Elena said in a small voice. She unsnapped the top of her jeans and tried to scoot out of them. â€Å"Wait a minute! You might faint and drown. Lie down and I promise to get you clean, if you’re willing to try and eat.† He had new reservations about the house. â€Å"Now undress on the bed and pull the sheet over you. I do wicked massages,† he added, turning away. â€Å"Look, you don’t have to not look. It’s something I haven’t understood since I†¦came back,† Elena said. â€Å"Modesty taboos. I don’t see why anyone should be ashamed of their body.† (This came to him in a rather muffled voice.) â€Å"I mean for anyone who says God made us, God made us without clothes, even after Adam and Eve. If it’s so important, why didn’t he make us with diapers on?† â€Å"Yes, actually, what you’re saying reminds me of what I once said to the Dowager Queen of France,† Damon said, determined to keep her undressing while he gazed at a crack in one of the wooden panels of the wall. â€Å"I said that if God were both omnipotent and omniscient, then He surely knew our destinies beforehand, and why were the righteous doomed to be born as sinfully naked as the damned?† â€Å"And what did she say?† â€Å"Not a word. But she giggled and tapped me three times on the back of my hand with her fan, which I was later told was an invitation for an assignation. Alas, I had other obligations. Are you on the bed still?† â€Å"Yes, and I’m under a sheet,† Elena said wearily. â€Å"If she wereDowager Queen, I expect you were glad,† she added in a half-bewildered voice. â€Å"Aren’t they the old mothers?† â€Å"No, Anne of Austria, Queen of France, kept her remarkable beauty to the end. She was the only redhead that – â€Å" Damon stopped, groping wildly for words as he faced the bed. Elena had done as he had asked. He just hadn’t realized how much she would look like Aphrodite arising from the ocean. The ruffled white of the sheet came up to the warmer milk-white of her skin. She needed cleaning, certainly, but just knowing that under that thin sheet she was magnificently naked was enough to make him lose his breath. She had rolled her clothes into a ball and thrown them into the farthest corner of the room. He didn’t blame her. He didn’t think. He didn’t give himself time. He simply held out his hands and said, â€Å"Lemon-thyme chicken consomm ¦, hot, in a Mikasa cup – and plum flower oil, very warm, in a vial.† Once the broth was duly consumed and Elena was lying on her back again, he began to gently massage her with the oil. Plum flower always made for a good start. It numbed the skin and the senses to pain, and it provided a basis for the other, more exotic, oils he planned to use on her. In a way, it was much better than dumping her in a modern bath or Jacuzzi. He knew where her injuries were; he could heat the oils to the appropriate temperature for any of them. And instead of a barely mobile Jacuzzi head spouting water against a bruise, he could avoid anything too sensitive – in the painful sense. He started with her hair, adding a very, very light coating of oil that would make the worst tangles easy to brush out. After the oiling, her hair shone like gold against her skin – honey on cream. Then he began with the muscles in her face: tiny strokes with his thumbs over her forehead to smooth it and relax it, forcing her to relax along with his movements. Slow, circular swirls at her temples, with only the lightest of pressure. He could see the thin blue veins traced here, and he knew that deep pressure could put her to sleep. He then proceeded to upper arms, her forearms, her hands, taking her apart with ancient strokes and the correct ancient essences to go with them, until she was nothing but a loose, boneless thing under the sheet: sleek and soft and yielding. He flashed his incandescent smile for a moment while pulling a toe until it popped – and then the smile turned ironic. He could have what he wanted of her, now. Yes, she was in no mood to refuse anything. But he hadn’t counted on what the damned sheet would do tohim . Everyone knew that a scrap of covering, no matter how simple, always drew attention to the taboo area as pure nakedness did not. And massaging Elena by inches this way only focused him on what lay beneath the snowy fabric. After a while Elena said drowsily, â€Å"Aren’t you going to tell the end of the story? About Anne of Austria, who was the only redhead to†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"†¦to, ah, remain a natural redhead to the end of her life,† Damon murmured. â€Å"Yes. It was said that Cardinal Richelieu was her lover.† â€Å"Isn’t that the wicked Cardinal from theThe Three Musketeers ?† â€Å"Yes, but perhaps not so wicked as he was portrayed there, and certainly an able politician. And, some say, the real father of Louis†¦now turn over.† â€Å"It’s a strange name for a king.† â€Å"Hm?† â€Å"Louis Now Turn Over,† Elena said, turning over and showing a flash of creamy thigh while Damon tried to eye various other parts of the room. â€Å"Depends on the naming traditions of the individual’s native country,† Damon said wildly. All he could see were replays of that glimpse of thigh. â€Å"What?† â€Å"What?† â€Å"I was asking you – â€Å" â€Å"Are you warm now? All done,† Damon said and, unwisely, patted the highest curve of terrain under the towel. â€Å"Hey!† Elena reared up, and Damon – faced by an entire body of pale rose-gold and perfumed and sleek – and with muscles like steel under the silken skin – precipitately fled. He came back after an appropriate interval with a calming offering of more soup. Elena, dignified under her sheet, which she had made into a toga, accepted. She didn’t even try to swat him on the bottom when his back was turned. â€Å"Whatis this place?† she wondered instead. â€Å"It can’t be the Dunstans’ – they’re an old family, with an old house. They used to be farmers.† â€Å"Oh, let’s just call it a little pied--terre of my own in the woods.† â€Å"Ha,† Elena said. â€Å"I knew you weren’t sleeping in trees.† Damon found himself trying not to smile. He’d never been with Elena when the situation hadn’t been life-or-death. Now, if he said he’d found he loved her mind after having massaged her naked under a sheet – no†¦No one would ever believe him. â€Å"Feeling better?† he asked. â€Å"As warm as chicken-apple soup.† â€Å"I’m never going to hear the end of that, am I?† He made her stay on the bed while he thought up nightgowns, all sizes and styles, and robes, too – and slippers, all in the instant of walking to what had been a bathroom, and was pleased to find that it was now a walk-in closet with everything anyone could want in terms of night attire. From silky lingerie to good old-fashioned sleeping gowns to night-caps, this wardrobe had it all. Damon emerged with a double armful and gave Elena her choice. She picked a high-necked white nightgown made out of some modest fabric. Damon found himself stroking a regal sky-blue gown trimmed with what looked like genuine Valenciennes lace. â€Å"Not my style,† Elena said, quickly tucking it under some other robes. Not your style aroundme , Damon thought, amused. And a wise little lass you are, too. You don’t want to tempt me into doing anything you might be sorry for tomorrow. â€Å"All right – and then you can get a good night’s sleep – † He broke off, for she was suddenly looking at him with astonishment and distress. â€Å"Matt! Damon, we were looking forMatt ! I just remembered. We were looking for him and I – I don’t know. I got hurt. I remember falling and then I was here.† Because I carried you here, Damon thought. Because this house is just a thought in Shinichi’s mind. Because the only permanent things inside it are we two. Damon took in a deep breath of air. How to cite The Return: Nightfall Chapter 30, Essay examples

Robert W. Cox Commitment Click Now to Get Solution

Question: Evaluate the distinction Robert Cox draws between Problem-Solving and Critical theory'. Use examples from at least two International Relations theories to illustrate your answer. Answer: Robert W. Cox's commitment to International Relations hypothesis puts the control in a transformational structure. Expanding on Gramsci's thoughts and an assortment of different sources variedly, his hypothesis goes past the neorealist state centric structure and draws out the associations between material conditions, thoughts and organizations in what he terms the arrangement of 'world requests'. How individuals sort out themselves in the circle of creation decides their own particular life as well as that of their states and the world request. That change can originate from any of the circles; he denies and goes past the basesuperstructure proposition of Marxism. Cox distinguishes making of a dynamic common society, rise of natural educated people speaking to the underestimated, advancement of group level solidarity, participatory majority rule government, peaceful strategies for struggle determination, pluralism and multilateralism as key components of his transformational motivat ion. This article investigates Cox's primary thoughts identifying with transformational international relations and the systems conceived for change. The idea of preeminent power or extreme force, as moderately steady and, up to this point, uncontroversial foundation of present day legislative issues, is an energetically pondered wonder. Prominently, what we at present experience as the power talk informs much regarding the hypothetical understanding and viable state of governmental issues. It likewise presupposes its shape in the years to come. In this paper, I need to analyze the shapes of the genuine verbal confrontation on sway. To do this I for the most part utilize the philosophical lenses of the main International Relations [IR] theories, the traditional i.e. the pragmatist one and the basic sociological. I will likely survey and look at their hypothetical fundaments; break down their epistemological perspectives over the way of sway organization and its part in international legislative issues; and, offer some temporary deductions as to subjective conceivable outcomes in the investigation of power. Introduction Robert Cox is regarded as the father and founder of critical theory in International Relation. He started working on this field when his publication, Journal of International Studies was published in the year 1981. His ideas and process of thoughts was also seen in several other publications as well. Cox went to the field from the edges of the control, talking in a dialect that was largely looked downward on by the overwhelming positivist convention in IR established in neorealist presumptions. At to start with, Cox's thoughts got less acknowledgment in North America, the immense bastion of IR. Basic hypothesis from that point forward has come to grasp subfields like Security studies, Normatiuve Theory and International Political Economy (IPE). No basic hypothesis of IR can claim to speak to all strands under a solitary name. (Cox, 1989) Cox has utilized a type of examination that tries to join Gramscian instruments with types of historicism. Basic hypothesis draws on the thoughts of Frankfurt theoreticians, poststructuralists, and women's activists. Nevertheless, its standardizing flavor and responsibility to liberation sits uneasily with the thoughts of most post-structuralisms. This article, in any case, is limited to the commitments of Robert Cox to the basic hypothesis of IR. Cox preferred the term 'world order' in comparison to IR. Cox started working on his theorizing during the time when IPE issues were at large due to crisis of oil in the 70s, which were putting an impact on the international relation system. According to Cox, social forces, created by changing process of production, helps in thinking about the possibilities of future. (Cox, 1989) Why World Order and not IR According to Cox, IR always misleads the way when there is a search for the objective of knowledge and working process. In order to make his plan go past interstate relations, he concentrates on world order, of which states constitute stand out part. By taking a gander at IR as far as worldwide order, he goes around the state-centrism of the control. Cox's utilization of 'world order' or 'worldwide governmental issues' or 'worldwide political economy' permits him to connect the household with the worldwide in his plan of connecting profitable powers, thoughts and establishments. Critical Theory and Problem Solving Theory Cox's refinement between problem-solving and critical theory has been supported by analysts over a few sociology disciplines, in spite of the fact that the expression problem solving appears to propose that critical theory is optimistic and does not worry about problems. For Cox, all theories are one-sided. He sees all positivist theories as formed inside the system of problem solving, a balanced undertaking that has extremely solid roots in the liberal custom. Problem-solving theories expect that states are not subject to principal changes, but rather constrained or incremental changes and all moves make place inside a restricted system. Critical theory goes past them to distinguish the inceptions and transformative or formative capability of recorded wonders. It searches out 'the wellsprings of inconsistency and struggle in these elements and assesses their capability to change into various examples'. Not at all like problem-solving theory, which tries to 'smooth the working of the entire', critical theory 'takes into consideration a regulating decision for a social and political order unique in relation to the predominant order. (Moolakkattu, 2009) Critical theory is more intelligent upon the procedure of conjecturing itself and receives an all-encompassing methodology. 'It is coordinated toward an examination of the very structure for activity, or problematic, which problem-solving theory acknowledges as its parameters. Critical theory is coordinated to the social and political intricate in general instead of to the different parts'. Dissimilar to the ahistoricity of problem-solving theory which 'sets a proceeding with present', critical theory is chronicled and manages an evolving reality, which confines the exactness regarding strategy. It is hostile to status-quoist: 'Critical theory takes into consideration a regulating decision for a social and political order not quite the same as the common order, yet it restrains the scope of decision to option orders which are doable changes of the current world'. However, problem-solving theory 'is a manual for strategic activities which, expected or unintended, manage the current or der'. While this refinement is a valuable expository classification to understand complex theories, it additionally improves the hypothetical venture along the lines of the individuals who are keen on information for strengthening the current order and the individuals who look for learning for change, driving each possible theory to distinguish itself with both of these two streams. In nowadays of hybridism, such slick classifications will most likely be unable to catch the lavishness and full ramifications of individual theories. (Moolakkattu, 2009) As indicated by Cox, the space for activity is constrained inside a structure for activity, which would be the beginning stage of critical theory. Further, the errand of estimating cannot prompt a conclusion, yet should 'ceaselessly be started once again'. The system for activity or recorded structure changes after some time and these progressions should be comprehended by critical theory. These structures 'constitute the connection of propensities, weights, desires, and imperatives inside which move makes place'. Such structures should be looked upon not from a point of view of multiplication and framework upkeep as problem-solving scholars do, however from the outside as far as development of contentions and the conceivable outcomes for their change. (Zacher and Cox, 1970) For Cox, the Cold War spoke to a period in which there was relative dependability of central structures representing the striking nature of problem-solving theory. Nevertheless, in the 1990s, when these structures slackened and there was high monetary rivalry, the estimation of problem-solving theory declined and critical theory picked up ascendance. The primary reason gives rise to 'problem-solving' theory. It takes the world, as it is, "with the common social force and relationship and the establishments into which they are sorted out, as the given structure for activity". Quite, this theory is a-verifiable and a-social. "It places a proceeding with present (the perpetual quality of the foundations and force relations which constitute its parameters), the point of which is "to make this relationship and establishments work easily by managing specific wellsprings of inconvenience". (Zacher and Cox, 1970) As per it, the general example of foundations and relationships is not raised doubt about, and "specific problems can be considered in connection to the particular zones of movement in which they emerge". Based on this, the problem-theory can "alter points of confinement or parameters to a problem zone and to diminish the announcements of a specific problem to a predetermined number of variables which are agreeable to moderately close and exact examination" This thought of fixity, in any case, is false since "the social and political order is not settled but rather (in any event in a long-run point of view) is evolving." at the end of the day, the presumption of fixity is ideological. It serves "specific national, sectional, or class interests, which are OK with the given order" (Zacher and Cox, 1970) Inverse to the problem solving theory is the critical theory. "It stands separated from the world order and gets some information about". Not at all like the problem-solving theory it "doesn't take the organizations and social and force relations for allowed" yet addresses their birthplace and asks, "how and whether they may be currently change" Hence, "it is guided towards and examination to the very system for activity, or problematic, which problem solving theory acknowledges as its parameters". At the end of the day, critical theory is social theory and theory of history. It takes as its beginning stage some part of human movement, it examinations it social and recorded inceptions and leads "towards the development of a bigger photo of the entire of which at first considered part is only one segment". Not at all like problem-solving theory, critical theory does not begin with a specific point of view on the world, for example, power relations in any case, as I said; it tries "to end up plainly aware of the viewpoint which offers ascend to hypothesizing." (Zacher and Cox, 1970) Consequently, in straightforward terms, any social connection, and the way it creates, can be utilized as lenses [or, perspective] to break down the social world. Critical theorys extension is considerably more extensive than the one of the problem-theory. At the end of the day, it "contains problem-solving theories inside itself. Dissimilar to their intend to tackle the problems emerging in the force domain and along these lines obliging states conflicting interests, the critical theory likewise tries additionally to grasp the very procedures of interest development. Henceforth, rather than considered them to be given and changeless it doubts their beginning and design. Vitally, this theory has an exceptionally solid standardizing slant. It endeavors to understand these procedures as well as endeavors to offer conceivable and reasonable contrasting options to them. (Zacher and Cox, 1970) Traditional Theory and International Relation Traditional, standard theories of IR, i.e. [neo]-authenticity and [neo]-progressivism, are consequently realist (balanced decision) theories. They break down the world through the lenses of a force point of view and are problem-solving theories. The principal takes the dissemination of material force capacities among states as their center problematic, the second concur with that additionally focuses on the effect of local and international society, relationship and specifically organizations as imperative however yet not conclusive players in world governmental issues. The later holds that structures are at last reducible to their units, for this situation, states, Conditioned additionally on the human and subsequently prideful understanding of states qualities (authenticity) or essentially expected as a systemic, basic condition inborn to the arrangement of states (neo/authenticity/progressivism) power [and its distribution] is apparently crucial for the examination of social systems. It indicates the likelihood that one performer in a social relationship will be in a position to do his will in spite of resistance, paying little mind to the premise on which this likelihood rests. Connected to the anarchic arrangement of states, and having as a main priority states deferring material interests and impetuses, it is the force, in a last occurrence, that presents a solid and realistic view on the way of sorted out international life. (Classical theories of international relations, 1997) Nonetheless, the conveyance of states material force abilities to differ and along these lines cause flimsiness misbalances and war in the last occasion. Thus, with regards to their problematic, standard, IR helps solving problems inside international, rebel domain. Drawing on the epistemological convention of positivism, it goes for explaining these procedures and subsequently pleasing, to the degree it is conceivable, states conflicting interests. This prompts rationalists methodological suspicions. These are (the interests), specifically, considered as given; that is, assumed as opposed to built. Given additionally the disordered nature of the international political world, epitomize in the estimations of security, order and most importantly material influence and riches. It is the last two that assume the main ones and the other way around. Right away, the convenience of states prideful utilitarianism is the realist sine qua non of the standard international theory. Constructivism Remarkably, sociological and critical theories are not solitary theories. Especially in IR, there are different sociological, reflectivities streams, which offer fundamental philosophical suspicions, yet leave on some issues. What joins every one of them however is the worry of how [world] legislative issues are socially built. This makes the sociological theory, traditionally counterpoised to rationalistic theory. It focuses on the part of generic social powers, and additionally the effect of social practices, standards, and qualities that are not got from the figuring of interest. (Classical theories of international relations, 1997) Social constructivism specifically, being of interests here, is additionally a critical IR theory. Other than its standard genealogical relationship with the International society approaches and the Critical International theory it has vigorously drawn on an assortment of sociological viewpoints, for example, recorded and sociological institutionalism, structuration theory, post-innovation, women's liberation and so on its philosophical center draws on the conventions of vision and comprehensive quality (structuralism). The primary holds that the physical is only a gathering of thoughts; the second contends that frameworks and their properties ought to be seen as wholes, not accumulations of parts. (Classical theories of international relations, 1997) In straightforward terms, in this way, constructivism includes the accompanying cases: "that the basic structures of international governmental issues are social as opposed to entirely material (a case that contradicts realism), and that these structures shape on-screen characters personalities and interests, as opposed to only their conduct (a case that restricts logic). As it were, ontologically, ideational components (thoughts, standards, organizations, talk, society) go before material classifications and give them significance and sense. Regularly, their relationship is interlinked and commonly tried and true, however it is thoughts the distance down in any case that constitute the material world. Conclusion A large number of Cox's suggestions, especially in his later compositions, stands on an essential needs point of view, in light of constraint of needs, based on the establishments of an option model of improvement. He sees much guarantee in the motivation of the new social developments and in the strategies for the participatory activity specialists. Later works have made the idea of "class" entirely liquid to bring under it classifications like sexual orientation and race. On occasion, his thoughts, especially those identifying with ID of performing artists and systems of change show similitude with the Gandhian methodology. For instance, he investigates the utilization model of the Western economies along with which how it has made a disjuncture of money from the genuine economy, and genuine economy from the biosphere. Cox, nonetheless, is by all accounts deficiently seized of the characteristic inconsistencies between Marxism, which looks upon rationalistic/emancipator potential o utcomes improving with materialistic advancement, and non-utilization arranged essential needs approaches that look upon such realist models as unsustainable and life undermining. Further, Cox does not appear to have an outline for a favored world order and move procedures, in spite of the fact that he recommends a number of its fixings. References Cox, R. (1989). Middlepowermanship, Japan, and Future World Order.International Journal, 44(4), p.823. Moolakkattu, J. (2009). Robert W. Cox and Critical Theory of International Relations.International Studies, 46(4), pp.439-456. Zacher, M. and Cox, R. (1970). International Organisation, World Politics: Studies in Economic and Social Agencies.International Journal, 25(4), p.791. GERMAIN, RANDALL D. 2007. Critical Political Economy, Historical Materialism and Adam Morton, Politics, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 12731. GERMAIN, RANDALL D. and MICHAEL KENNY. 1998. Engaging Gramsci: International Relations Theory and the New Gramscians, Review of International Studies, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 321. GILPIN, ROBERT. 1981. War and Change in World Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. GRAMSCI, ANTONIO. 1971. Selections from the Prison Notebooks. vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 821 (Ed. and trans. Quintin Hoare and Geoffrey Nowell-Smith). JONES, R.W. 2001. Introduction, in R.W. Jones, ed., Critical Theory and World Politics, pp. 119. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner. LEYSENS, ANTHONY J. 2006. Social Forces in Southern Africa: Transformation from Below? The Journal of Modern African Studies, vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 3158. MURPHY, CRAIG N. 1998. Understanding IR: Understanding Gramsci, Review of International Studies, vol. 24, no. 4, pp. 41725 SCHEUERMAN, WILLIAM E. 2009. A Theoretical Missed Opportunity? Hans J. Morgenthau as Critical Realist, in Duncan Bell, ed., Political Thought and International Relations: Variations on a Realist Theme, pp. 4162. SINCLAIR, TIMOTHY J. 1996. Beyond International Relations Theory: Robert W. Cox and Approaches to World Order, Chapter 1, in Robert W. Cox and Timothy J. Sinclair, eds, Approaches to World Order, pp. 318. ASHLEY, RICHARD K. 1986. The Poverty of Neorealism, in Robert O. Keohane, ed., Neorealism and its Critics, pp. 255300. COX, ROBERT W. 1981. Social Forces, States and World Orders: Beyond International Relations Theory, Millennium: Journal of International Studies, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 12655 The Way Ahead: Towards a New Ontology of World Order, in Richard Wyn Jones, ed., Critical Theory and World Politics, pp. 4560. The International in Evolution, Millennium: Journal of International Studies, vol. 35, no. 3, pp. 51327 Marchant, P. (1956). Determinist Theories in International Relations.International Relations, 1(6), pp.251-258. Black, N. and Sullivan, M. (1978). International Relations: Theories and Evidence.International Journal, 33(3), p.645. Brands, M. (1998). The Obsolescence of almost all theories concerning International Relations.European Review, 6(03), p.349. Classical theories of international relations. (1997).Choice Reviews Online, 34(05), pp.34-2994-34-2994. Formal theories in international relations. (1990).Choice Reviews Online, 27(05), pp.27-2950-27-2950.

Describe a challenging situation that you have exp Essays - Jos Gmez

Describe a challenging situation that you have experienced and how you responded. The challenging situation I selected for this essay topic is coming to Massanutten Military Academy (MMA). This challenge was more than just coming to a new school, and much bigger than I could have imagined at the time. When I arrived at MMA, on a sunny, but cool January morning, I knew there would be some differences from my life a home. I had visited MMA in the spring a year before and I had viewed the website. I knew I would be wearing a uniform, as well as, other differences, but I did not realize that it would be a total departure from the life I had lead for the previous thirteen years. I have lived in Annapolis, Maryland and the surrounding area for my entire life, with exception of living in Thailand for two years. I had the same general group of school friends, raced sailboats with the same friends, at the local yacht club every summer, for the last eight years (more on that later). I played lacrosse and basketball with the same friends every winter, and spring, ate at the same locale restaurants and shopped at the same places. I guess you could say my life was comfortable and predictable. I was also given a lot of freedom and independence provided I meet expectations placed on me. For example, if I knew I had to be ready to leave the house at 7:45 am for school, I had the freedom to set my alarm for any time as long as I was ready in time. I could visit with friends after school, as long as I finished my homework before dinner. One of the things I loved most about sailing was the independence it gave me, especially when I was younger. When a sailor is on the race course, they alone decide when they should tack, which side of the course to take and how to approach the race, and in the end, they are responsible for those decisions. It is total independence and responsibility. When I arrived at MMA, I was extremely nervous and anxious to start a new school, but also excited to meet new people and make new friends. After registration, my phone, computer and clothes were taken from me. I was issued and dressed in a military uniform called ACUs, and immediately taken to class. I arrived during exams, so I sat quietly reviewing the school handbook, nervously thinking about what would happen next. After classes, I was escorted back to the dorms by my roommate. There I was provided the daily schedule, and given a tour of the barracks. I was now a "new cadet". The first night, all of the girls were punished because two girls were talking during formation, and had "drop (the schools term for pushups) for twenty". I could not understand why I was being punished. It was all overwhelming, but not just because I was unfamiliar with everything, but also because everyone was different from me and the friends I had my whole life. As a new cadet, I have no privileges. I only had access to my phone on Sundays from 1:00 - 4:00 pm. I only received my laptops for school, and evening study period from 8:00 - 9:30 pm, and I was not permitted to leave campus. To receive privileges, like daily access to your phone after school, a new cadet must complete a series of six tests. This was challenge, because I had to find time to study for the tests, and still maintain my grades. All other privileges are awarded on the basis of other accomplishments. The greater the accomplishment, the bigger the privilege. The challenge I faced now, was how I was going to adapt to an environment completely different from the one I had known. My old environment was one of individuality, independence and privilege, while my new one was of rigid structure with no independence or privileges. At first, it was very hard to adjust to my new surroundings. As time passed, I adjusted to the military structures and I have learned to flourish. It was not

Ellyday Essays

Ellyday Essays Ellyday Essay Ellyday Essay The one is called Eely and the other girl name is Sophie. Its all starts one Sunday morning and it is nearly Christmas time. Sophie walks into Ells room and notice that Eely is very nervous and cant speak normally and also looks physically weak. Then Sophie says to Eely that she knows, but Eely pretends that she doesnt know want Sophie is talking about. Sophie tries to get Eely to sit down on the sofa with her, but Eely ignores it and starts looking at her CDC instead. She can see that Ells hands are shaking. Then Sophie asks Eely to pull up her Jumper. Sophie says to Eely that she knows that she hasnt been eating for a long while now. But Eely says to Sophie that she Is Just Jealous, because she Is skinner then Sophie. Eely begins to cry and sits on the floor. Eely asks Sophie when Is It okay to die. And Sophie doesnt know what to say to that, she Is choked over Ells behavior. Eely pulls up her Jumper and the story ends. 2) Characterize of Eely and Sophie. Eely Is about 16 years old and properly still live by her parents, as a single child. We dont hear anything about her family and I dont think the mother and father take a big interest in her live. Eely has anorexia but she will not allow her self to see that. She is very skinny, pale and almost looks like a match. She is talking about, when it is okay to die with Sophie and that must be a sign of suicidal tendencies, I think. She feels like nobody in the world understands her, because they cant see that she is to fat from her point of view. Sophie We dont hear so much about Sophie in the story, other then that she wants to help her friend with her problem. She several times tries to connect with Eely, but without any luck. She sounds like a nice, considerate, loving friend for Alley. But maybe Sophie really deep down dont know, Eely as good as she think she does. Meaninglessly: Allayed by Martin The short story Allayed is about the feeling of inferiority due to physical abnormality, and how this conveys itself in a relationship between two female friends. The story begins right on, without an introduction. One senses that the situation, which takes place between two girls in one of their rooms, is awkward and that a conflict is waiting ahead. One of them is the accuser, and the other one the accused. The two of them are friends, Sophie (the accuser) is nervous on behalf of Ells (the accused) health condition, and wants to convince her to stop loosing weight. It Is described how Eely, supposedly due to her condition, is having trouble doing elementary things such as seeing and talking, as If her blood Isnt able to run through her body. The author is letting the reader know that Sophie Is sincere, and In good will, when making this confrontation. Eely, however, Is convinced that she Is doing It out of sheer Jealousy, because of the way their roles are now changed. Earlier Eely had been the fat one, and Sophie the skinny one. Eely seems to have a damaged reception of her surroundings, specifically the meaning and value of physical Ideals. Her former overweight had such a negative Impact on her self-confidence, that she developed self-destructive behavior. Her perception of looks has nothing to do with feeling well (or to a certain degree, It seems, even looking beautiful), but exclusively with belong thin, in a directly obsessed way. Being In a condition which some people (and seemingly society in general) would define as physical sickness, leads in her case to an actual Lasses, a mental Lassoer AT some Kina (broadly allele an dating disorder). In the end, Eely asks Sophie When is it okay to die? , and whether it would be k to die without having tried the things she think her looks had previously prevented her from trying, such as kissing a boy or being loved. What this shortstops embodies, is the way the negative effects of suppressing fat people (and looks not sticking to the common ideals in general) are likely to be of greater danger than the disorder itself. In Ells case, it even provokes mental disorders which leads to physical problems in opposite proportions to her former condition. The very idea of unconditionally) considering obesity a disease, might as well be influenced by various industries, than by objective scientific investigations. An example very alike, is described in the article Beauty and the breast printed in Ms. Magazine. It gives a preliminary outline of the history of the breast implants, and depicts the way American society of Plastic and reconstructive surgeons in the skies decreed that having small breasts was a sickness. A perfect example showing that beauty is a subjective measurement, and that overweight isnt necessarily a physical problem, is n article by Jeffrey Kluges called can you be fat and healthy? . It depicts the story of 50 year old Kelly bliss who is officially in healthier physical conditions than most slim people, despite the fact that with her nearly 200 pounds, she would actually be categorized obese. Mentally, Kelly is obviously very happy about the way she looks, and apparently her weight doesnt prevent her from doing what she wants to do either. Im guessing that the 30% of the American population who is considered obese according to the article, maybe isnt as comfortable with their condition as Kelly is. Of course one can say that everyone should be happy with the way they look, but, whether it is only the case in our western world, or also among other cultures I dont know, it seems to be inconsistent with human nature. I think its safe to say, that in the same way our society transforms each individual into a product, the importance of being able to sell oneself on the basis of appearance, is increasing. Therefore it takes increasingly more willpower to stand against the broadly accepted ideals, and to believe that you can compete with others while not exactly fulfilling the demands given by these ideals.

Red tails movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Red tails - Movie Review Example This is a story of a young black pilot who overcame racism and hatred, managed to unite his brothers in blood and created the first ever air battalion composed entirely of African Americans. The directors of the movie did not dwell a lot, or put a stress on racial discrimination of those times. People know that it was there, but the spotlight is not put on this problems, the viewer just sees the life of ordinary people, their struggles, their fights. And exactly this makes this movie very remarkable, and helps the viewer see the problem deeper and live through it, in a way. The genre of the movie is action, but this is not just that. This is the story of friendship, self-sacrifice, and honor, as well as the ups and downs that the heroes of the movie are going through, when they do not feel like heroes at all. The pilots were not there for glory or fame, they had a job to do, they had to obey orders, and they did it. They fought for their countrymen and for their fellows. This is not the story of the World War II, or the glory of the America, this is a story of people, and this makes it closer and more understandable to each one in the audience. These pilots put up their lives for the country that considered them second-class citizens, and this is remarkable. The cast of the movie is outstanding. The spotlight is put on several major characters performed by Terrence Howard (as Colonel Bullard), Nate Parker (as Mary â€Å"Easy† Julian), Tristan Wilds (as Ray Junior Gannon), and some others. The actors managed to reflect the characters they were playing naturally and accurately. The big plus of the movie is that the cast and the director of the movie have worked closely with the original airmen, so they know the story firsthand. The characters of the movie have their share of differences, since they are all just humans, at the same time the viewer can feel the real spirit of brotherhood and camaraderie between the characters. There are

Reflection to ANMC Codes Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Reflection to ANMC Codes - Assignment Example Thus the use of reflective nursing practice has been associated with the positive improvement in the practice and attitude of the nurses’ hence better care is provided (James and Freshwater, 2005). Professional practice Nursing students are trained through apprenticeship as they are taught the skills in a classroom setup before they are shown how to use them in care giving. The practice of the nursing knowledge and skills is done in a hospital setup under the guidance of an instructor. The clinical setup has often been a source of reflective ideas towards improvement of individual student in their bid for professionalism (James and Freshwater, 2005). A student during a post-clinical briefing and counseling session disclosed the following event that she finds to have helped him develop professionally. That one day during the normal daily activities a client was admitted into the ward he was. He develop a concern in the reason for the patients admission hence went in to learn mo re from the history documented about the patient. The history he found was poorly taken hence decided to take his own history from the patient. The patient had been stabilized and was under monitoring. The patient was on infusion antibiotics (penicillin) yet he was developing fever which was spiking. The student found out from the history he got that the patient was allergic to penicillin and hence he could link the spiking fever to a hypersensitivity reaction. He quickly went to the instructors and informed them of his findings hence a corrective action was taken thus the patient was safe and recuperated well (James and Freshwater, 2005). While reflecting on that day’s events, he noted that his concern for the patient and incorporation of his knowledge in the clinical practice helped identify the cause of poor response to medication and hence salvaged the situation. This event helped the student realize the importance of history taking in health care provision and hence a bo ot towards his professional practices (James and Freshwater, 2005). Critical thinking and analysis Critical thinking and analysis is core to the nursing practice. Critical thinking is the ability to identify a need and develop a solution within the shortest time.it involves analysis of the possible solutions available and picking on the best option at for the good of the patient. A nurse has to continually think critically while handling the different patients with different needs hence analysis skills are very important for the nurse.in medical practice, the analysis and prioritizing criteria employed is referred to as triage. The triaging process involves critical thinking and analysis of the different conditions the patients are presenting with in order to classify them in order of their need for care and their mortality (James and Freshwater, 2005). A student in the casualty is often faced with psychological trauma when they are expected to identify the patients in order of thei r needs for consultation. It is difficult to side-line a patient who feels they need urgent care and that their lives are in danger. The triaging process was introduced in the hospitals to provide for a criterion through which the patients may be assessed to determine their urgency for care.This initiative was met with a lot of

Human Resource Management in a Business Context Essay - 2

Human Resource Management in a Business Context - Essay Example claim strategic HRM as organizational systems that use people as a means to achieve sustainable competitive advantage (Snell et al., 1996). Nevertheless, almost all theorists agree on the fact that strategic HRM involves the achievement of a strategic fit between business strategy and HR strategy. For instance, rather than waiting for the employee to design and find his/her replacement, managers now proactively get involved in strategic planning to determine the staffing needs of organizations and conduct recruitment and selection accordingly. This has given way to the matching model whereby HR strategy flows out of the business strategy. The â€Å"fit† perspective has been widely acknowledged in HRM literature with the claim that the HR function needs to be aligned with other functions in the organization. Holistically, HR domains such as the recruitment, selection, training and development of employees are contingent on organizational goals. For instance, companies wishing to enhance their customer management would require corresponding HR practices that empower employees to ensure their satisfaction so that they may keep their customers satisfied. Furthermore, it is important to note that this â€Å"fit† may be internal or external. An external fit would require HR practices to be aligned with external environment (such as recession, outsourcing, downsizing, increased female participation), whereas, an internal fit would require the HR working in sync with other departments in the organization such as finance, IT, marketing etc. In the contemporary world, however, an â€Å"internal† fit is alm ost always assumed with HR of most organizations. It is the â€Å"external† fit that is gaining momentum owing to globalization and the volatile environment. Strategic HRM has evolved as a means of securing sustainable competitive advantage. This is in line with the theory of â€Å"rational choice† which claims that giving strategic

LOreal Global Marketing Strategy

LOreal Global Marketing Strategy LOreal is a great example of how global branding strategy can be used to generate new growth opportunities when all other companies were not going great guns. In the late 90s and early 2000s when the Asian and Latin American economies were shaky and doing poorly, and numerous international brands struggled, LOreal surged ahead. How did it happen? The answer lies in their beautifully framed mission statement as it elaborates their understanding of the marketability of their product and the need of marketing it globally: at LORÉAL; we believe that everyone aspires to beauty. Our mission is to help men and women around the world realize that aspiration, and express their individual personalities to the full. This is what gives meaning and value to our business, and to the working lives of our employees. We are proud of our work. (Source: LOreal website, www. loreal.com) 1 In 2005, the $18.89 billion LOreal group was the most successful cosmetics brand. According to the business week survey 2004 LOreal was ranked 49th. LOreal marketed beauty products e.g. Makeup, perfume, and skincare and hair products to both women and men in approximately 150 countries. The LOreal group reported its 19th consecutive year of double digit growth in December 2005. Since 1989, LOreals sales had grown at a compounded annual rate of 12% to 1.7 billion. Analyzing the kind of growth story it has written an analyst has rightly described it as the United Nations of beauty .the kind of global presence LOreal has it can only be compared to the United Nations. LOreals global branding strategy thats doing wonders has been actively spearheaded by Owen Jones himself. Lindsey Owen Jones has been the CEO of LOreal for nearly two decades and a chairman now, and under his leadership LOreal has really fine tuned its global branding strategy. Interestingly some press reports tell us that he has been seen roaming around streets in foreign markets to understand the new and existing trends. And without any doubts his interesting work style seems to work wonders. The branding strategy of LOreal has such an impact that LOreal seems to be the only global leader in every segment of the cosmetics industry, right positioning of its products seems to be the key .whatever its trying to sell the French elegance or street smartness of America; is getting good response throughout the world .and LOreal has been able to reach its consumers across the national and cultural boundaries. Owen Jones says: We have this great strategy back in the head office of how we are going to do it worldwide. But when you go out and look at what is happening, is there a big gap between your projections and the reality of what you see and hear? It is so important to have a world vision because otherwise decentralized consumer goods companies with many brands can fracture into as many little parts if somebody isnt pulling it back the other way the whole time with a central vision. This really explains why he prefers roaming in the streets for his strategy making rather than sitting in the boardroom. Having said all that its quiet evident that the global branding strategy of LOreal has paid huge dividends to the company overall. In order to understand this splendid growth story we need to see how exactly LOreal applied their strategy to the countries that were entirely distinct as far as the lifestyle, spending pattern and culture is concerned. LOreal was started in France, has a good brand value in the united states of America, is reaping good dividends from India and has a remarkable presence in Japan. These are different complex societies with different needs, so how exactly LOreal managed to be equally successful in all these places? This question needs some fact finding to be done on the basis of country specific products and strategies adopted by the cosmetics conglomerate. Thats what exactly we will try doing in the next section of this case study. In India 4 billion 7.5 ml sachets are sold every year and thats a staggering 66% of total shampoo consumption in India. Most of the urban Indian women (96%) use shampoo, however only 46% use foundation. For hair care a huge 74% population of Indian women still rely on home remedies, 42% use henna and 94% use hair oil, as far as the LOreals sale per person in India is concerned is just 10 cents compared to 28 Euros per person in France. In India skin lightening creams (fairness creams) constitute more than 50% of skincare market people seem to be crazy for getting for getting fairer. (Source: LOreal, Nielsen) These facts are self explanatory about the nature of Indian market and its clearly stating that the strategy used in USA or any other European countries is not going to work in India. USA is a mature market as far as cosmetics consumption is concerned India is an emerging economy with most of the population below 35 years of age and a huge aspiring middle class. The cosmetics market is growing approximately at an annual rate of 16% in India, still a long way to go. The youth in urban centers is very concerned about the image but the larger section is still off the fashion map. Interestingly even after the success story of corporate India , apparently its still a country that is very much community oriented. The great Indian middle class is aspiring but still has the community driven cultural values intact. LOreal has taken this fact very much into consideration while preparing the marketing strategy for India. A very good example would be the launch of garnier fructis shampoo in India. The concept was to rely on idea rather than relying on advertising a brand. The idea of getting five times stronger hair was the central point that created the hype, through word of mouth or network marketing. Initially it was positioned as product for young and teenagers, once the product was established in the market it tried to change or rather increase the target base by shifting gears. In a recent advertisement of garnier hair color a daughter is shown advising her mother to try the garnier product and explaining the benefits. Again it relies on the concept of idea getting spread by word of mouth to another customer segment. This is the best example of marketing in a closed community driven society. There is one more remarkable thing about this entire campaign the catch line take care. It shifts the focus from the product to the core value of Indian society caring about others and the entire advertisement becomes more of a good advice rather than publicity. China is the worlds most populated country in the world and that makes it very clear that it has the potential of being the biggest consumer market. These days Chinese women are spending on an average 10 to 15% of their income on cosmetics products, an urban Chinese lady would use 2.2 cosmetics products on an average every morning. Evidently most of them want to be fashionable and the LOreal punch line if you want to be fashionable, just choose Maybelline, really seems to work. Masses are made to believe that this is something that represents America and it ought to be trendy. Maybelline is the product line for the masses and LOreal really uses the tendency of masses to look towards the USA thats why the Maybelline products are displayed against the backdrop of shiny skyline of New York City Chinese women prefer skincare and beauty products. According to a research by LOreal in china women are concerned about the radiance of their skin and prefer skin nourishing lotions that protect their skin from skin-drying winters. Unlike us customers most Chinese women like skin whiteners rather than tanning products. Its a sign of beauty for Chinese women. Also, the texture of Chinese hair is thicker and more course than typical US Caucasian hair. This requires different product, and really a different skill set to effectively sell and get these products moving in China. LOreal has dedicated research facilities for these and other issues, and followed up with more innovations to suit the needs and preferences of Chinese consumers.   There is one more very interesting fact about Chinese cosmetics industry; Chinese women are very concerned about the ingesting of lipsticks. This is the most interesting food attitude about Chinese women. Now following its global strategy LOreal even took this into consideration and developed lipsticks containing vitamins; as soon as this was told to the women they were more comfortable in using the product. European countries are mostly developed, here LOreal has the liberty of publicizing the brand value rather than focusing on pricing, the benefit to LOreal in these markets is that it is already well established and the brand is well known so it can concentrate on grabbing the attention of individualistic feminist women. Pricing is not a concern in these markets so LOreal can afford to have punch lines like-I am worth it because these punch lines justify the high pricing of the products and fulfill the feeling of exclusivity of high end clientele. Now lets take another example from the European and us markets, LOreal brands in these markets are quiet well established. LOreal products have been used there for few generations now; once young consumer of the LOreal brand has started aging and the same street smart products could not be positioned to them, they have started becoming the mature citizens; now their priorities have changed. A recent market report suggests that the new target segment in the cosmetics industry is 40 plus women who once used the teenage cosmetics products. The thrust is on anti aging products because it not only adds the new customer base but retains the once teenage customer also. Customer from the baby boom generation reaches the retirement age and tries to maintain healthy and youthful look and finds out that their favorite cosmetics brand is still making products for them. LOreal capitalized on their desire to look youthful and started marketing it anti aging products, it has signed sixty year-old D iane Keaton to represent the Age Perfect Pro-Calcium skin care line. Also LOreal has signed Scarlett Johansson, Penelope Cruz, Eva Longoria and Beyoncà © Knowles to promote specific cosmetics lines according to the age groups. Now this tells us how LOreal used the desire of customers to position its products. The French conglomerate believes that only two different cultures as far as fashion is concerned, are dominant, represented by two flagship brands LOreal Paris and Maybelline new York. LOreal has been projected as a French origin with elegance, high end presentation and obviously high pricing. Whereas the Maybelline product line represents the street smart American babe who is looking for the value of the money. America seems to be the growth engine of the world, in the cosmetics industry as well. LOreal has understood this and they made a strategy based on the trends in the USA and thats how Maybelline came into existence. Maybelline currently is the second largest brand in share of unit sales of cosmetics products and number one in makeup brands. It claims to be totally consistent with todays confident woman. Maybelline products targets three customer segments; youngster (16 to 25), office lady (26-35) and career women (35 plus). Marketing mix for Maybelline line of products consists of two main strategies: foreign consumer cultural positioning and symbolic New York City imagery that women can relate to everywhere. Maybelline promotion include different way of grabbing attention including promotional coupons, online advertising, sponsorship of fashion shows, signing fashion icons as spokesperson of the product ,free make up consultancy and providing scholarships etc. we can see as American cosmetic market is a mature market so LOreal tries to rely on mature marketing tactics. In the early 20th century, even American society was not very much open to makeup and skin care products .people thought that only sinful women should wear makeup but eventually with the economic independence that the American women gained; makeup and cosmetics started coming into mainstream. Cosmetics apparently became the symbol of new self belief that the American women was beaming with; and remember even Maybelline claims to be totally consistent with todays women, there are several other punch lines like maybe shes born with it, maybe its Maybelline, all the punch lines keep the self confidence of women in centre as if its not the make up but its the attitude that has to be worn. Thats why women of every nationality and culture started identifying herself with the product and this became the symbol of the 21st century woman. We always say that the world has turned into a small village. Production houses are becoming more and more global. But same cant be said about the consumers as they would still be using the products because of their own reasons. Someone in the USA can use a product just to feel exclusive however the same product could be used in the UK for health reasons. So the companies need to identify the demands of a specific market to effectively satisfy the demand while planning the globalised marketing strategy. Therefore the challenge posed to the companies is whether they should just keep changing their strategy according to the culture or can they consider every customer as a global customer with all common needs. Thats the irony we are supposed to work with these days; on one hand companies are on a global platform more than any other point of time in history however they have to adapt to the mindset and lifestyle of the customer as well. The mindset and the lifestyle of the customer are heavily impacted by the culture. Culture is defined by different norms, values, interactions, language and others personal components shared by groups of people across the world. It is a social phenomenon which defines peoples interests, thoughts and other behaviors they may exhibit in the social life. From one country to another, humans have evolved and developed different types of expressions, beliefs and behavior which can be difficult to understand for someone who does not belong to the same culture. culture is the way how the members of a particular group interact with each other on the sharing of the available means, now that determines what is going to be the need for a particular product in that society, that also decides whether a particular advertising strategy will work or not and how exactly that will be interpreted by the target customers. In different markets consumer requirements and consumer behavior may vary. Cultural aspects deeply impact the consumer behavior; the impact may be direct or indirect. The culture distinction creates the consumer behavior difference, as it can be noticed between the Asian and European continent where the culture and the behaviors are very different. Being a global organization LOreal certainly needs to understand the cultural differences and position its products accordingly otherwise the results may be far more different than they are at this moment. The thrust has to be on hitting the right customer with the right product. This can be possible only if one has a deep knowledge of local culture and beliefs. A very interesting example would be of lipstick use in china; according to a research only 3% women use lipstick for makeup. The reason that was supposed to be behind this low percentage of lipstick use is even weirder; women in china have concerns about ingesting lipstick. LOreal conducted a survey to see whether this is just an age old saying or it holds some truth, based on the findings it came up with a lipstick that had vitamins in it and in turn the demand for LOreal vitamin lipsticks increased. Another example could be real handy; in India long hair is considered necessary for a woman to be considered beautiful. LOreal considered this fact while launching its shampoo product in India and it focused on publicizing the fact that using the garnier fructis shampoo helps in getting long and strong hair. This strategy made the product very popular in India. In china or India people like to have fair complexion. In Asia, women take special care of their skin. People want radiant skins and lotions that can nourish their skin against sun .whereas in the United States people would rather buy tanning cream. On basis of this knowledge LOreal can position their whitening creams in India and the interesting part is the way the advertisements could be interpreted .the way the advertisements for the fairness creams are made in Asian countries these can be interpreted as racial advertisements in the USA but in Asian countries that seems to be quiet usual. Now thats where the knowledge of the culture and beliefs comes handy and helps avoiding unnecessary problems. From a business point of view, companies have to adapt themselves to the culture of each country in which they want to have business in.  for example, Because of the differences of culture between countries, companies need to adjust their products and services according to the local demands. This will help them to create and develop a brand image across the globe that is based on a large number of globally recognized products. Based on these examples we can say that LOreal was able to be successful in these markets because it adapted to ground realities of the particular market yet it followed a standardized strategy. If we study the marketing mix of Maybelline, it has two pronged strategy -one for the foreign markets another is the global street-smart image of the American chic. The global street smart image of New York chick can be admired in almost all the urban centers, be it India, china or Brazil. However there has to be a right mix of local flavor as well. The most important part of the LOreals strategic plan is opportunity hunting or the marketing of their products worldwide. From the initial days it already started catering to the demands of women worldwide. In order to do that efficiently they were expected to be well aware of the diversities of women across the globe .once they knew the diversities their job was to come up with different line of products suitable to the women from all parts of the world .Innovation has been the keyword for LOreal and this was made possible through constant research and development over the years .the group has already covered most parts of the world and still striving to cover more. In order to do so LOreal group has to keep respecting other peoples identity ,ideas and culture .LOreal has to keep valuing different cultures and nationalities to get their brand value up and it seems that they have been doing it really well. The success story can continue further because even today products of LOreal touches the cultural values instilled in potential customers mind .LOreal just doesnt sell the product it makes the customer buy the idea of dreaming big but still remaining rooted to the core cultural values .it has carefully devised its global marketing strategy and customized it to the local needs, and thats the reason people from Africa to Europe and America to Australia are using the LOreal products. LOreal has been doing pretty well in terms of global presence and monetary growth. The mission today is to understand consumers needs and expectations so as to meet them as effectively as possible along with widening the scope of global line of products.

intro to networking and the tcp/ip stack :: essays research papers

SLIP is a TCP/IP protocol used for communication between two machines that are previously configured for communication with each other. For example, your Internet server provider may provide you with a SLIP connection so that the provider's server can respond to your requests, pass them on to the Internet, and forward your requested Internet responses back to you. A better service is provided by the Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP). Point-to-Point Protocol is a protocol for communication between two computers using a serial interface, typically a personal computer connected by phone line to a server. For example, your Internet server provider may provide you with a PPP connection so that the provider's server can respond to your requests, pass them on to the Internet, and forward your requested Internet responses back to you. PPP uses the Internet protocol and is designed to handle others. It is sometimes considered a member of the TCP/IP suite of protocols. Relative to the OSI referen ce model, PPP provides layer 2 (data-link layer) service. Essentially, it packages your computer's TCP/IP packets and forwards them to the server where they can actually be put on the Internet. PPP is a full-duplex protocol that can be used on various physical media, including twisted pair or fiber optic lines or satellite transmission. PPP is usually preferred over the earlier standard SLIP because it can handle synchronous as well as asynchronous communication. PPP can share a line with other users and it has error detection that SLIP lacks. Where a choice is possible, PPP is preferred. HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is the set of rules for transferring files (text, graphic images, sound, video, and other multimedia files) on the Web. As soon as a Web user opens their Web browser, the user is indirectly making use of HTTP. HTTP is an application protocol that runs on top of the TCP/IP suite of protocols. HTTP concepts include the idea that files can contain references to other files whose selection will elicit additional transfer requests. Your Web browser is an HTTP client, sending requests to server machines. When the browser user enters file requests by either "opening" a Web site or clicking on a link, the browser builds an HTTP request and sends it to the Internet Protocol address indicated by the URL. File Transfer Protocol (FTP), a standard Internet protocol, is the simplest way to exchange files between computers on the Internet. intro to networking and the tcp/ip stack :: essays research papers SLIP is a TCP/IP protocol used for communication between two machines that are previously configured for communication with each other. For example, your Internet server provider may provide you with a SLIP connection so that the provider's server can respond to your requests, pass them on to the Internet, and forward your requested Internet responses back to you. A better service is provided by the Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP). Point-to-Point Protocol is a protocol for communication between two computers using a serial interface, typically a personal computer connected by phone line to a server. For example, your Internet server provider may provide you with a PPP connection so that the provider's server can respond to your requests, pass them on to the Internet, and forward your requested Internet responses back to you. PPP uses the Internet protocol and is designed to handle others. It is sometimes considered a member of the TCP/IP suite of protocols. Relative to the OSI referen ce model, PPP provides layer 2 (data-link layer) service. Essentially, it packages your computer's TCP/IP packets and forwards them to the server where they can actually be put on the Internet. PPP is a full-duplex protocol that can be used on various physical media, including twisted pair or fiber optic lines or satellite transmission. PPP is usually preferred over the earlier standard SLIP because it can handle synchronous as well as asynchronous communication. PPP can share a line with other users and it has error detection that SLIP lacks. Where a choice is possible, PPP is preferred. HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is the set of rules for transferring files (text, graphic images, sound, video, and other multimedia files) on the Web. As soon as a Web user opens their Web browser, the user is indirectly making use of HTTP. HTTP is an application protocol that runs on top of the TCP/IP suite of protocols. HTTP concepts include the idea that files can contain references to other files whose selection will elicit additional transfer requests. Your Web browser is an HTTP client, sending requests to server machines. When the browser user enters file requests by either "opening" a Web site or clicking on a link, the browser builds an HTTP request and sends it to the Internet Protocol address indicated by the URL. File Transfer Protocol (FTP), a standard Internet protocol, is the simplest way to exchange files between computers on the Internet.